Influence of Music to Culture free essay sample

Hip-hop I believe is the most popular type of music that is listened to by the public. Newly for example is an RB artist and he wears Air Force Nines, big jerseys, ND Sean John fashion. When you look around in my school you tend to see many boys wearing the same thing. Another artist is also Fabulous who likes to wear fitted caps, and many boys are wearing the same kind of caps. Now people who tend to listen to pop music like Ann.s and Bribery Spears tend to wear shell toe sneakers and dress sort of preppy with light colors. People who listen to alternative music like Papa Roach and Slipknot tend to wear big baggy pants and baby pins on their bags with very colorful hair. Another way people let music influence them is the language or slang they use. For example Newly is an artist from SST. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Music to Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Louis, and because of his accent, he says here it sounds like he is saying here. The way guys call their friends dog and enigma are also uses of slang that hip-hop artists use. With pop music theres more of an accent when they speak like a preppy, peachy, happy sound.Alternative music is usually harsh and people who listen to alternative music tend to have a hard tough accent with much more cursing than usual. Another way that people become influenced by their music is what seems to interest them. People who listen to hip-hop are mostly interested in the ice jewelry) gear (clothing) and ride (car). People who tend to listen to pop music, who are mostly girls would say, are interested in the mall, and bleaching their hair.Its not usually very accurate, but Im just talking out of my experience. So many people do know what I mean when I say that music influences the way people act and the way people carry themselves. I know that not all is true but most of the time people copy artists just to feel good and be able to fit in with other people, because the truth is nobody likes to be alone. Influence of Music to Culture free essay sample There is so much music out in the world today. Many people are influenced by music they listen to. Mostly because they want to copy their favorite artist or because they feel thats a way of expressing themselves and fitting in with the people that are into the same music. Its also a way to find similar things to other people who listen to different music. Teens my age are mostly into hip-hop and RB.Hip-hop I believe is the most popular type of music that is listened to by the public. Newly for example is an RB artist and he wears Air Force Nines, big Jerseys, and Sean John fashion. When you look around in my school you tend to see many boys wearing the same thing. Another artist is also Fabulous who likes to wear fitted caps, and many boys are wearing the same kind of caps. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Music to Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now people who tend to listen to pop music like Ann.s and Brittany Spears tend to wear shell toe sneakers and dress sort of preppy with light colors.People who listen to alternative music like Papa Roach and Slipknot tend to wear big baggy pants and baby pins on their bags with very colorful hair. Another way people let music influence them is the language or slang they use. For example Newly is an artist from SST. Louis, and because of his accent, he says here it sounds like he is saying here. The way guys call their friends dog and Amiga are also uses of slang that hip-hop artists use. With pop music theres more of an accent when they speak like a preppy, peachy, happy sound.Alternative music is usually harsh and people who listen to alternative music tend to have a hard tough accent with much more cursing than usual. Another way that people become Influenced by their music Is what seems to interest them. People who listen to hip-hop are mostly Interested In the Ice (Jewelry) gear (clothing) and ride (car). People who tend to listen to pop music, who are mostly girls I would say, are Interested In the mall, and bleaching their hair.

Heisenburg essays

Heisenburg essays On first discovery of; Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, one might be tempted to see it as applicable to the world. Of abstract, as well as abstract scientific research in some ivy covered campus of some high tech partial accelerator laboratory, here were one may conjure up mad scientific blowing electrons to pieces in the hopes of answer of the universe. The Uncertainty Principle is, basically, summed up in this statement: The more precisely the position of an object is determined, the less precisely the momentum is known in this instant, and vice versa. What does this mean? First of all, it means that if you observe a moving object, you cannot both decide at what speed it is moving, and the precise location, which it is at. If you measure one of them, you can't measure the other correctly. This implies that there is an uncertainty (hence the name of the principle) about one of the two properties. Well, you might ask, does it really matter? Consider this: if you know that an electron is moving at a definite speed, the uncertainty principle says that you can't possibly know where it is. And here comes the tricky part, since you don't know where it is, it may possibly be anywhere. There is a small possibility that the electron may exist at any given point in the universe at the moment you are trying to observe it. Also, in Hiesenburges uncertainty principal, the second law of thermodynamics runs parallel with this particular topic. The second law of thermodynamics asks the ancient question about things going wrong in our lives, has surprisingly simple answers in modern basic chemistry. (Even things happening to us which cause that painful cry, why me? Why Me?) Still more important to ones philosophy about life, these chemical ideas can and may startle us into seeing and believing how fortunate we all are: that things dont go wrong more often! Well talk mainly about down-to-earth things, such as common...

Erecruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Erecruitment - Essay Example E here refers to online and recruitment as we all know means to employ people for jobs. In a lump sum, it is also referred to as online recruitment. Basically, by the use of the computer and the internet, it brings potential employers and employees into a single destination in the look for a job. Another form of recruitment that's available is the basic one; the one where companies advertise in the news papers, candidates apply and are called in for interviews. However, the orthodox recruitment system has lost its touch and e-recruitment is taking over. According to a recent study, a job is among the top reasons why new users will come to the internet besides e-mail. It is believed that there are more than 18 million rsum's floating online across the web at this time in history! Many big and small organizations around the globe are using the internet as a source of recruitment. How this process of recruitment works via the internet is that first of all they advertise job vacancies through the internet. Then many people view the positions and the interested job seekers send in their applications or curriculum vitae (what many people refer to as the CV in recent times) through an e-mail over the internet. Alternately, this system works in the reverse as well; the job seekers place their CV's over the worldwide web which can be viewed by prospective employers depending upon their necessities. Generally, there are two kinds of e-recruitment that an organization can use, 1) Job portals, and 2) By creating an e-recruiting section in a company's own website. Most organizations prefer looking for jobs through job portals then by creating a separate section for that purpose on their own company website. How organizations make use of the job portals can be compared to how a fishnet separates fish from water; the approaching organizations place the job descriptions and specifications on the job portal and then search the possible rsum's posted on the site to match their demand. Lets discuss how the second option works; the company adds a software to its website, where the hopeful applicants post their rsums into the company database for consideration when a job vacancy is reported. However if we compare the two options, the job portal option seems much better to me. The people who operate the job portals, even though they charge you a certain fee in case they find you a match, they always give you the best filtered results and save your time. What the people who work for the job portals do, is that they search the entire lot of applications, only for the most capable and deserving one's which are then forwarded to the organization for selection from the already shot-listed candidates. However, in the case where the company posts jobs on its own website, not only would be prove expensive to them, but would also take up a lot of their time. They would have to pay bills to their web-operators who set sets up the job adds on their website, then they'll have to waste time looking through all the candidates who

Visual analyzation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Visual analyzation - Research Paper Example Majority of their statues represent aged look. This sculpted head created in marble gives all the minor and major details of an elderly matured face. The facial expression are crafted skillfully in marble which gives the complete details of the face representing sheer determination, experience and power. Romans highly admired such characteristics. The face has the perfect folds and bulges which gives the head a very realistic view. Portrait of Augustus is the sculpture of Octavian Caesar who became the first Roman Emperor in 44 BC. He was the nephew of Julius Caesar and some historians mentioned him as his adopted son too. During 27 BC, he was awarded as the title of â€Å"Augustus† by the Senate. Augustus ruled over the Roman Empire for 41 years. He was known for establishing peace, tranquility and prosperity within his domain. The original sculpture is in bronze, however; the marble copy is present in Vatican Museum located in Rome. The sculpture represents Augustus addressing the troops with his hand held out. The inclusion of Cupid on the side of the sculpture represents the divine descent of Augustus (Source: http://www.the-art-minute.com/augustus-of-primaporta-spin-city/). The original sculpture is painted in color. The bodily portrait of Augustus highlights deeply his masculine features that represent his masculinity, authority, grace and experience which is prominent from his facial features. Th e purpose of the statue was to promote the political propaganda and to highlight the authority and control Augustus held during his times. He is depicted like god of war wearing the military clothes. The portrait of Constantine was created in 330 CE. It is about 30 feet in height. However, the head of Constantine is 8 feet high. The entire body of the portrait was made up of less precious material but the head, hands and feet are made of fine marble. The statue was at first

Enhancement of Learning and Development Strategies Essay

Enhancement of Learning and Development Strategies - Essay Example As the essay stresses Hierarchical organizations are bureaucratic and somewhat rigid, since they only set base in stable environments. Market organizations on the other hand are driven by competition and have strong emphasis on productivity. As for family organizations, operations are very personalized and employees share norms and values. From the three, we chose to do a case study on a market organization that has a global presence, and whose products can be consumed by people of all ages. In addition, the type of organization needed for the case study had to be a well established company, whose history has been characterized by success. Accordingly, Coca Cola became the best option, considering that its employees need to be trained on how to handle a global consumer market, made up of people of diverse cultures and ages. This paper highlights that Coca Cola Company is a global beverage manufacturing company whose headquarters are in Atlanta Georgia. Being a global leader in beverage manufacture, the Coca Cola Company has had to deal with its fairs share of challenges and problems. For example, Coca Cola there have been issues of contaminated products, competition, allegations of racial discrimination, trouble with bottlers, and human resource management issues stemming from incompetent and untrustworthy employees. Most employees working within the company are not sure about the vision of the company, thus putting the future of Coca Cola at stake.

Reflecting On The Importance Of Oral Hygiene Nursing Essay

Reflecting On The Importance Of Oral Hygiene Nursing Essay The care of a patients mouth forms an important component of assisting hygiene needs and yet is an aspect of practice which is not always afforded the attention it fully deserves. It is also a role which too often delegated to health care assistants. Research shows that, in the United States, nosocomial pneumonia ranks second in morbidity and first in mortality among nosocomial infections. The treatment of nosocomial pneumonia adds 5 to 7 days to the hospital stay of surviving patients and billions of dollars to healthcare costs. REFLECTION There are different models of reflection one of which is Gibbs (1988). Reflection is the process of reviewing an experience in order to describe, analyses, evaluate and so inform learning about practice (Reid1993). I will use this reflection model in guiding me because it has helped focusing on different aspects of an experience, and exploiting their full potential for learning will be more appreciated. Reflection in professional practice, however, gives back not what it is, but what might be, an improvement on the original (Moon 1999). Description As part of placement simulation, I was part of a group introduced to oral hygiene care. It is one of the core requirements in maintaining the hygiene needs of a patient. When we were told to bring in a towel and tooth brush, I was taken aback as to what was the need for them? I went to the multi-skills laboratory not knowing what will befall me. My lecturer introduced us to a range of chemicals for oral hygiene. I had used some before but on this occasion, there was one I had not tried and used before. I was assigned a colleague to have the opportunity of experiencing the giving and receiving of oral hygiene by cleaning his teeth with toothbrush and pepsodent and vice versa.We performed as instructed. Feelings Upon commencement of activity, my views of healthy oral care were not very clear to me. Generally I perceived cleaning your teeth as being much like washing a face. I felt very embarrassed and inadequate and consequently, felt very uncomfortable as I have not done this to anyone outside of my family. On his part, it was obvious from his reaction that he had no confidence in me, thinking I was going to brush his teeth hard. It highlighted the complex problems I have to solve in practice and the provision of care needs to patients for whom I may not have had contact with before. I thought my pride and dignity had been taken away from me but later felt comfortable having understood what it was generally. Critical Analysis Helping patients/service users to meet their hygiene needs is a fundamental component of nursing care. Again, helping patients to meet their personal hygiene needs provides any nurse with an ideal opportunity to undertake a thorough physical, emotional and cognitive assessment of the patient. Although it seemed difficult at the beginning, by the time we performed on each other for the third time with encouragement we had developed a good working relationship. Encouraging students to acknowledge their intuitive capacity helps them to appreciate their strengths and weaknesses (SWOT). Jasper (2003) regards SWOT analysis as getting to know yourself. The understanding of our skills and abilities and the awareness of where our limits lie is seen as crucial to being able to act as a professional practitioner. After identifying and analyzing of my own strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, I showed no more discomfort and shown more interest in the activity as our lecturer continued talked us through. Jackson and Mannix (2001) note that amount of interest the nurse shows in the learning needs of the student and the key role he or she plays in their achievement are essential to the students development. It is strange that sometimes you do things or know what things are without ever really stopping and analysing it. Most students and many professionals note that learning acquired from placement experience is much more meaningful and relevant than that acquired in the lecture room (Quinn 2000). Boud et al 1985 argue: it is common for reflection to be treated as if it were an intellectual exercise a simple matter of thinking rigorously. However, reflection is not solely a cognitive process; emotions are central to all learning. Conclusion Caring for a patient requires a relationship and empathy. By developing collaborative relationship with patients, I can provide prompt and focused interventions which can limit illness. Action Plan My aim is to be proactive in the future by promptly opening up. I aim to develop the skill of emotional resilience to be able to deliver and receive any care. Conclusion Like many others on the group, I thought that students were there through choice, they wanted to learn. As a result of this I expected the group to be mature and behaved. Due to my lack of experience in care and the job title of student nurse, I perceived that most sessions would run in a lecture format. This was probably a very naive move on my part, however following my first two sessions, I realised that if I was to be a successful student nurse, I had to adapt my approach. I needed to focus more upon my involvement and participation, getting the group involved in sessions would help to improve my learning process. However as I develop my nursing skills and also my ability to reflect, I have begun to realise that the process of reflection is more complex than Gibbs (1988) suggests. Whilst Gibbs highlights key areas of the process, I feel that reflection is not as cyclical as this model implies. As my reflective skills develop, I am finding myself jumping some stages of the cycle, revisiting others and in some instances digressing in different directions. I feel that this represents my views of reflection as I have a start point (the experience) and an end point (the outcomes/actions), but how I get there is down to my trail of thought. Whilst at this stage of my development I would not class myself as a successful, I believe I am working to develop the skills required to be successful.

Mathematics Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Mathematics In an attempt to express certain basic concepts of mathematics precisely, one should consider a handful of different accepted and developed conceptions. Pythagoras, in the Fifth Century B.C., believed that the ultimate elements of reality were numbers; therefore the explanation for the existence of any object could only be explained in number. Gottlob Frege stated, in an idea referred to as logicism, that mathematics could in some sense be reduced to logic. The views of Plato state that we "know" these rules of mathematics at the intuitive level rather than the conscious level. Plato also believed that these forms existed previously in their perfect forms; humans know them in their imperfect forms through concept and imagination. Humans did not invent mathematics, but rediscovered these transcendent but real forms. Almost a century ago, Bertrand Russell wrote in The Problems of Philosophy that "philosophy should not be studied 'for the sake of definite answers to its questions, since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true.'" For the problems mentioned here, however, it seems possible to give and justify answers. Certainly the effort should be made. Perhaps, through Pythagorean ideas, logicism and Platonism, a firmer understanding can be known of the grasp that mathematics has on the world. Due to the secrecy of the society in which Pythagoras, it is difficult to distinguish between any original works of Pythagoras from those of his followers. However, it is not the author that is important, but rather the notions presented. According to the view of the Pythagoreans that "all is number," the first four numbers have a special significance in that their sum accounts for all possible... ...l proofs for someone who accepts the axioms from which they begin." Those axioms are continually being challenged, but if they are to be justified, it shall not be within the context of mathematical activities. Now we must turn to the philosophy of mathematics, "to the great debates between the formalists, the intuitionists, and the Platonists." These debates cannot be settled by mathematical proofs, however. The certainty of mathematics is merely conditional; it rests upon assumptions that cannot be proven within mathematics, but only within the philosophy of mathematics. Exactly the same problem applies with respect to the primary problems of philosophy. We can easily give practical arguments that seem very convincing, but when we analyze these arguments philosophically, we often find that the simple conventions of ordinary argument cannot be regarded as adequate.

Can Art Change the Way We View the World

Can Art Change the Way We View the World? Susan Agee Classics in Philosophy of Art – P346 Gregory Steel Fall 2012 For centuries, art has been interwoven throughout the history of mankind. From primitive carvings on cave walls and ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, to the Sistine Chapel and the Mona Lisa, artistic creations have enthralled the human race. Art may be a window to the creator’s world; it has potential to instill desire in the viewer to do something they have never done, be somewhere they have never been and inspire to fulfill a dream or goal.Additionally, Art may possibly allow the artist to illustrate their own perception of a place or even attempt to deceive the viewer. However, to truly understand how we see the world we must delve a little deeper than the obvious, which is through our senses, particularly sight. In order to comprehend the world around us, we must first realize that thoughts are based on perception foremost and that those ideas then create a subjective model of the world, constructed from experience, memory, logical inference, and our brain's ability to map out its own internal representation of our individual surroundings.Therefore, whether it is through visual art, literature, poems, sculpture, photography or cinema, art may very well be able to change the way we see the world, by changing our perception. The first recognizable art dates from at least 38. 000BC in Europe, Africa, and Australia. They are the products of minds as intellectually capable and sophisticated as our modern ones and they were just like us, despite the fact that their society was slightly more primitive than ours. Works of this early period are not simple, as if created by a child, but in fact they are quite complex pieces depicting animals, humans and symbols.Additionally, drawings similar to maps, as well as carvings, portable art and elaborately decorated animal skulls have been found in caves all over the world. In the book The Mind in the Cave: Consciousness and the Origins of Art by David Lewis-Williams, the author describes these items stating â€Å"many of these pieces bear images of animal, fish, birds and, less commonly, what appear to be human figures as well as complex arrangements of parallel lines, chevrons and notches. These objects d’art as people tend to think of them, were made from bone, mammoth ivory, amber and antler† (Lewis-Williams 2004).Were these ancient artists creating images to simply communicate with others or were they expressing their emotions in the only way they knew how? Although there is no way to tell for certain the artists’ intentions, it is evident that this â€Å"art† played a role in prehistoric society. Still, art has not always had the same meaning as it does today. In fact, in the time of the philosophers Plato, Socrates and Aristotle the idea of art was related to the Latin word ars, which means craft or specialized form.These individuals based their views of art on the notion that the artist must be trained for his craft and each had differing, yet very similar ideas about art and its place in society. For instance, Socrates believed that paintings and poems â€Å"stand triply removed from the real; that is, there are two realms of existence more real than art objects, the Forms themselves and the things of daily life. The basis for this view is the assumption that the goal of art is the imitation of mundane reality† (Wartenberg, 13). Our brain has developed a way of viewing the world over millions of years of evolution that enables us to succeed and survive.Natural selection has tuned our brains so that we may navigate, manipulate, and meaningfully differentiate our environment and the objects contained in it. So what we see in our minds is a functional model of the physical world, which closely approximates it but is not identical to it; certainly not in the way we are in the habit of assuming. But still this traditio nal skepticism about perceptual experience has often created questions as to whether we can know that things are as we experience them as being, or if the visual world is a grand illusion.To illustrate this idea that perceptual experience may be different than what is real, consider the optical illusion. Artists such as Charles Allan Gilbert and M. C. Escher were masters of the craft of illusion in art. For example, in 1892 Charles Allan Gilbert drew a picture that he called â€Å"All is Vanity†. This piece of artwork is an ambiguous optical illusion using a skull, which has been the object of many pieces of this type, where we see more than one thing in the picture. If we view the overall image, we see a human skull. When we focus on the details of the picture, we see a woman ooking in her vanity mirror. If we look at a close-up, cropped image of â€Å"All is Vanity†, we don't see the skull we just see details of a woman sitting at her dressing table. However, if we e xpand our view, even without seeing the entire image, once we know we're going to see a skull, we can't help but see it. Also, when we look at the picture from a distance, because of all the black surrounding it, once the details of the woman get distorted we still only see a skull. Additionally, M. C. Escher used his expertise in mathematics to create his optical illusions in art.He was fascinated with tessellations, which are arrangements of closed shapes that completely cover the plane without overlapping and without leaving gaps. Typically, the shapes making up a tessellation are polygons or similar regular shapes, such as the square tiles often used on floors. Escher, however, was fascinated by every kind of tessellation – regular and irregular – and took special delight in what he called â€Å"metamorphoses,† in which the shapes changed and interacted with each other, and sometimes even broke free of the plane itself.The regular solids, known as polyhedra, held a special fascination for Escher. He made them the subject of many of his works and included them as secondary elements in a great many more. In the woodcut â€Å"Four Regular Solids† Escher has intersected all but one of the Platonic solids in such a way that their symmetries are aligned, and he has made them translucent so that each is discernible through the others. Additionally, among the most important of Escher's works from a mathematical point of view are those dealing with the nature of space. In the book â€Å"The Magic of M.C. Escher† J. I. Locher states â€Å" this unique interplay between insight and limitation, between possible and impossible worlds has given Escher’s body of work a wholly personal presence in the panorama of visual arts† (J. I. Locher 2000). His woodcut â€Å"Circle Limit III† is a good place to review these works, for it exemplifies the artist's concern with the dimensionality of space, and with the mind's abil ity to discern three-dimensionality in a two-dimensional representation and Escher often exploited this latter feature to achieve astonishing visual effects.To get a sense of what this space is like, one can imagine that he or she is actually in the picture itself. Walking from the center of the picture towards its edge, he/she would shrink just as the fishes in the picture do, so that to actually reach the edge one would have to walk a distance that, to the individual, seems infinite. Indeed, being inside this hyperbolic space, it would not be immediately obvious that anything was unusual about it – after all, one has to walk an infinite distance to get to the edge of ordinary Euclidean space too.However, if one is observant enough, he/she might begin to notice some odd things, such as that all similar triangles were the same size, and that no straight-sided figure we could draw would have four right angles; that is, this space doesn't have any squares or rectangles. In addi tion to ambiguous and mathematical illusions, there is a process known as anamorphosis. There are two types of anamorphosis: perspective or oblique and Mirror, or catoptric. It requires the viewer to use special devices or occupy a specific vantage point to recreate the image.While some of these works of art are more advanced than others, one thing remains constant; the perception of depth in a two-dimensional illustration. With mirror anamorphosis, a conical or cylindrical mirror is placed on the drawing or painting to transform a flat distorted image into a three dimensional picture that can be viewed from many angles. The deformed image is painted on a plane surface surrounding the mirror. By looking uniquely into the mirror, the image appears as it should in natural form.Just as Escher and Gilbert were masters in creating works of illusion with their drawings, so too are the artists that give life to their renditions of this type. Salvador Dali was among many other artists of hi s time to have been intrigued with this form of art and utilized this technique in many of his paintings. Modern day artists of this sort use sidewalks, underpasses, buildings and pavement as their canvases. This type of art is referred to as â€Å"3D art† and it has been seen everywhere from London to New York.

The Benefits of E

The Benefits of E Abstract In this paper, a critical review of e-contracting is conducted. This is achieved conducting a background analysis of the concept of e-contracting in which the benefits associated with e-contracting are highlighted. The method used to achieve this is literature review. The author asserts that there are a number of challenges associated with e-contracting.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Benefits of E-contracting specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, it is vital to minimize these challenges so as to achieve the benefits of e-contracting. The author identifies a number of e-contracting challenges on which he formulates a set of hypothesis. Some of the challenges which the firm evaluates relates to modeling and representing contractual relationship, negotiation, monitoring, and contract management. Finally, a conclusion of the entire study is given together with a recommendation for further research to be conducted in order to seal the existing gaps. Introduction According to Grefen (2010, p.19), contracts form the basis upon which businesses establish formal relationship with various stakeholders. Traditionally, physical documents such as papers were used as evidence of an existing contract between two or more parties. However, the 21st century has witnessed rampant technological growth (Angelov, 2005. p.54). Some of the technological fields which have witnessed rampant growth include software development and telecommunication. Currently, communication is not limited by geographical and time constraints. Due to technological advancement, it is possible to exchange information more easily and rapidly. The high rate of technological innovation has led to emergence of electronic commerce which entails undertaking all business processes electronically. As a result of growth in electronic modes of collaboration between firms, business contracting has also been affected thr ough emergence of a new modes of collaboration referred to as electronic contracting [here after referred to as e-contracting] (Angelov, 2005. p.54). E-contract refers to a contract which is designed and executed through a software system. In e-contracts, business contracts are designed using computer programs which make it possible to automate the respective business processes. It is possible to map e-contracts to other related computer programs.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, e-contract programs cannot be able to deal with complex relationship arising between the various parties to the contract. The concept of e-contracts is similar to that of traditional contracts.In e-contracts, the vendors offers their product and the respective terms such as price to potential buyers. On the other hand, the buyers evaluate the terms, and negotiate the price . After this, they are able to order the particular product or service and make payments. However, all these activities are conducted electronically. In an effort to improve their operational efficiency, firms in different economic sectors such as the construction industry are increasingly incorporating e-contracting in their operation. This arises from the benefits associated with e-contracting. However, there are a number of challenges associated with e-contracting. In order to gain insight on these challenges, the researcher identifies and analyses some of these challenges. To evaluate e-contracting challenges effectively, the researcher have adopted a number of null hypothesis. All the hypotheses are based on the various elements of a contract as outlined below. Modeling and representing business contractual relationships using e-contracts is a challenging task. There are a number of hindrances which affect e-contract negotiations. Monitoring e-contracts is challenging compared to monitoring physical contracts. There are a number of issues which hinder e-contract management. By understanding these challenges, this paper will contribute towards management teams of firms which have adopted e-contracting developing strategies aimed at eliminating challenges. This arises from the fact that they will appreciate the effects of these challenges on their contractual relationship. For example, poorly developed e-contract can result into financial and legal implications on the parties to the contract. Therefore, understanding the contract will culminate into improvement of the firms’ overall operational efficiency, for example by strengthening contractual relationships. Background and history of e-contracting Through e-contracting, a firm is able to undertake a number of activities associated with contracting purely in an electronic environment. For example, the parties to the contract are able to undertake negotiations via electronic communication methods. Upon the parties to the contract coming to a consensus and a contract being established, each of the parties to the contract manages the various activities electronically.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Benefits of E-contracting specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, the parties may incorporate online collaboration systems in various communication processes such delivering contractual notices. In addition, e-contracting enables the collaborating parties to undertake necessary contractual amendments. This makes the process of contracting to be more efficient. According to Camarinha-Matos, Afsarmanesh and Ollus (2008. p. 193), traditional contracting involves human actors and is considered to be slow while e-contracting is faster and cost effective. E-contracting does not result into changes of the businesses processes. It is only the efficiency of the contracting process which is improved. E-con tracting mainly involves two main processes which include contract formation or establishment and contract enactment. According to Xu and Vrieze (2010, p. 3), contract formation involves a number of activities which include identification, negotiation, checking, and validation of all the contractual parties. On the other hand, contract enactment or performance involves monitoring contract performance. Grefen (2010, p.19), asserts that there has been emergence of new business settings over the past few years which require new contracting paradigm. To align themselves with the changes in the environment, firms are considering incorporating e-contracting in their operation. E-contracting process is distinct with regard to the result. This arises from the fact that e-contract is developed as a semi structured document which can be in various formats such as Microsoft Word, XML, or PDF formats. Some of these include XML based words, clauses and sentences. In addition, e-contracts are com posed of semi-structured information. In addition, some electronic contracts attain legal status through digital documents. According to Xu (2004, p.3), legal e-contracting is aimed at establishing a contractual document which addresses the intentions of all the parties.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Xu and Vrieze (2010, p. 3), es of these aspects relate to development of the first contract models and frameworks. In addition, Legal and regulatory frameworks were also instituted. This period also saw the development of concepts such as the digital signature, certificate authority and certificate mechanisms. Other es of these protocols include the Transport Layer Security and the Secure Socket Layer (O’Shea et al, p. 14). In addition, lack of effective encryption and decryption by the parties involved can result into the transmission being hacked. In addition, some of the e-contracting negotiation platforms such as the email do not offer a comprehensive system which can be used in auditing electronic records. This means that the evidentiary value of e-documents and records is diminished. The resultant effect is increased inefficiencies with regard to disclosure process if a dispute occurs (O’Shea et al, p. 14). This illustrates the fact that each of the e-contracting stages results into emergence of security and legal risks. An example of industries which have increasingly incorporated the concept of e-contracting in their operation is the construction industry. In order to minimize the associated risks, it is vital for the management teams of these firms to take into account the associated risks. To eliminate these risks, construction companies should ensure that their e-contracting system is well configured. This can be achieved by considering a number of security goals which include confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, availability and cryptographic non-repudiation. Confidentiality will entail ensuring that only authorized parties can read the details of the contract. The integrity of the e-contracting system entails ensuring that the e-contract documents are not modified, deleted or duplicated. On the other hand, authenticity entails ensuring that individuals who have access to the e-contracting system are the real parties to the contract. Availability entails ensuring that the parties to the contract can access the e-contracting systems and other e-contract documents (O’Shea et al, p. 14). E-contracting challenges on monitoring Contract monitoring refers to the process of analyzing the activities conducted by the parties to the contract. This aids in detection of any possible contract violations (Meersman Tari, 2007, p. 303). According to Camarinha-Matos, Pereira and Ribiero, (2010, p. 85), it is necessary for the parties to the contract to closely watch the activities of the collaborating parties. This will aid in ensuring that the activities by the parties are according to the stipulations of the contract. Contract monitoring can be classified into two. These include proactive monitoring and reactive monitoring. In the proactive monitoring, it is possible to identify any anomalies and take necessary actions to avoid their occurrence. In reactive monitoring, the parties responsible for the occurrence of the anomalies are identified. In this case, compensation to the affected party is necessary. One of the purposes of electronic contract is to clearly distinguish what is expected from the collaborating parties (Xu Vrieze, p.4). In addition, the contract also stipulates the acceptable behavior. During the contract fulfillment phase, messages related to the contract are transmitted through the established network. These messages can be used as a source of additional information to aid in pro-active monitoring. However, e-contract monitoring is challenging since most of the networks being used in the e-contracting process of on automation of the entire process instead on developing services which would aid in supporting contract fulfillment. Some of the services considered to support contract fulfillment include monitoring. Lack of these services limits the effectiveness of creating a trustworthy electronic commerce environment. E-contract challenges on contract manageme nt Over the past few decades, the concept of contract management has increasingly become prominent. This is mainly so amongst project oriented companies such as construction firms. Demand for contract management has resulted from the fact that the business environment is experiencing rapid changes. As a result, it has become paramount for firms to be effective and efficient in how they manage their contracts. In an effort to move with the market changes, firms are incorporating e-contract management systems. An effective electronic contract management system should have the capacity of supporting the firm’s networking development. In addition, the system should be effectively distributed and connected to the internet. Camarinha-Matos, Afsarmanesh and Ollus (2008. p. 193), asserts that the system should support end to end integration. In addition, other features which should be ensured include flexibility, security and accessibility. This will increase the systems efficiency i n handling complex contracts. According to Xu and Vrieze (2004, p.5), there are various aspects associated with contract management. Xu and Vrieze are of the opinion that contract management should involve establishment of a single repository. In addition, contract management also involves tracking the performance of each contractual partner. This should be achieved through incorporation of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The information obtained should be used to determine the necessary improvement actions and establishment of ranks. In addition, contract management also entails informing and reminding the partners on the milestones. Contract management entails ensuring that parties to the contract honors the contract terms (Betts, 1999, p.76). Through contract management, a firm is able to save on its operating costs. Despite the fact that e-contracting is considered to be cheap, there are some challenges which may result. This is mainly experienced if the firm has entered into a number of contractual agreements with firms which have adopted different electronic commerce standards. In such a case, it becomes difficult for the firm to manage the contract. This arises from the fact that the firm will be required to monitor the operations of every party which is a daunting task. In addition, the firm may not be able to maximize the expected benefit in the contractual relationship. This arises from difficulties in its effort to minimize potential costs and determining the cost of the contract violation. According to Xu and Vrieze (2004, p.6), multiparty contractual relationships may result into loss of variable information. In addition, e-contracts involving a large number of parties result into increment in the degree of complexity. This arises from the fact that the large number of collaborating parties makes the relationships to be hidden. In addition, it becomes difficult to manage e-contracts involving multiple partners with regard to modeling the contra ct and identification of responsible parties. Xu and Vrieze (p. 6) further assert that multi-party e-contracting is challenging with regard to provision of extra services such as monitoring. Conclusion As a result of technological innovation, firms are increasingly being pressurized to improve their operational efficiency. One of the technological innovations which have affected firms entails the emergence of electronic commerce. In an effort to attain their profit maximization objective, firms are integrating online services in their operation. E-commerce has also affected other business processes such as contracting. This is evident in the fact that firms in different economic sector are increasingly incorporating the concept of e-contracting in their operation. Through e-contracting, firms are able to enter into business contract with various parties electronically. The shift is also associated with the benefits resulted from e-contracting. For example, through e-contracting, a f irm can be able to minimize the costs involved in contracting. Additionally, electronic contracts result into reduction in paper work. A firm’s operational efficiency is significantly improved as a result of incorporating electronic contract. This arises from the fact that human errors which may occur during traditional method of contracting as eliminated. Electronic contracting also minimizes risks associated with contractual agreement established over public networks for example the internet. This arises from the fact that issues such as confidentiality, authenticity, integrity and security of the contract may be compromised. It is also possible to re-use content after the contract is closed in addition to provision of a machine-processible document. E-contracting will also result into improvement of business relationships thus minimizing legal and financial risks. The resultant effect is that e-commerce will be greatly enhanced. Through e-contracting, there is a high proba bility of firm’s improving their productivity and hence their competitiveness. Despite these benefits, there are a number of challenges associated with e-contracting. This means that it is necessary for firm’s to consider ways on how to eliminate these challenges. These challenges are related to technical, legal and business perspectives. For instance, for e-contracts to be effective, it is necessary for there to be effective modeling and representation of the contractual relationship. This presents a challenge to most firms since they may not be acquainted with e-contract modeling knowledge. In addition, firms may be required to have the necessary web-technology. E-contracting is also faced with a challenge with regard to negotiation. Contract negotiations ensure that all the parties to the contract are acquainted with sufficient understanding of their obligations to the contract. Contract negotiation may be compromised for a number of reasons. One of them arises from the fact hat there are various electronic platforms upon which e-contracting negotiations can be conducted. Some of these platforms such as the email may pose a threat to the contract with regard to confidentiality. This is mainly so if the security protocols are not well configured. Therefore, e-contract negotiations require the support of other technologies in order to improve security, confidentiality, integrity and authenticity of the contract. The success of an e-contract is also determined by the efficiency with which the collaborating parties monitor the activities of the parties involved. However, monitoring e-contracts may not be effective due to lack of the necessary support services. E-contract management is also challenging if the parties to the contract have adapted different e-commerce standards. In order to deal with the challenges associated with e-contracting, it is necessary for further research to be conducted. These studies should focus on the best way to seal t he challenges associated with e-contracting. In order to succeed in their e-contracting processes, firms should continuously evaluate the external environment in order to identify possible technological changes. This will enable them to update their e-contracting systems appropriately hence improving their operational efficiency. The resultant effect is that the firms will be able to maximize on the benefits associated with e-contracting. Reference List Angelov, S., 2005. Foundations of B2B electronic contracting. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit. Burgwinkel, D., 2002. Decision support in electronic contract management: preceding of  the international conference on decision making and decision support in the internet age. Oxford: Oxford University. Betts, M., 1999. Strategy management of IT in construction. New York: Blackwell. Camarinha-Matos, Afsarmanesh, H. Ollus, M., 2008. Methods and tools for  collaborative networked organization. New York: Springer. Camarinha-Matos, L. , Pereira, P. Ribiero, L., 2010. Emerging trends in technological  innovation. New York: Springer. De Marco, T.1990. Controlling software projects: management measurement and  estimation. NY, Yourdon Press. Gardner, A., 1987. An artificial intelligence approach to legal reasoning. Massachusetts: MIT Press. Grefen, P., 2010. Mastering e-business. Massachusetts: Taylor and Francis. Howard R., 1998. Computing in construction: pioneers and the future. New York: Butterworth-Heinemann. Lee, R., 1998. Towards open electronic contracting. EM – Electronic Markets. Vol. 8, issue 3,   pp. 3-8. Marjanovic, O. Milosevic, Z., 2005. Towards formal modeling of e-contracts. Sydney: University of New South Wales. Milosevic, Z. Bond, A., 1995. Electronic commerce on the Internet: what is  still missing. Honolulu, Hawaii: INET95. Meersman, R. Tari, Z., 2007. One the move to meaningful internet systems. New York: Springer. O’Shea, K. et al., 2008. E-contracting: security and le gal issues. Queensland: Queensland University. Roddick, J., 2006. Advances in conceptual modeling-theory and practice. New York: Springer. Sommerville, J. Craig, N., 2006. Implementing IT in construction. Washington: Taylor and Francis. Sun, M. Howard, R., 2004. Understanding IT in construction. New York: Routledge. Teamwork and Online Collaboration Solutions, n.d. eTenderer: a revolutionary online  procurement system. Web. Web. Xu, L., 2004. Monitoring multinational party contracts for e-business. Sydney: Paul de Vrieze. Xu, L. 2004. Monitoring Multi-party Contracts for E-business. Tilburg: University of Tilburg. Xu, L. 2004b. A Multi-party contract model. Tilburg: University of Tilburg. Xu, L. Vrieze, P., 2000. E-contracting challenges. Sydney: CSIRO ICT Center.

Idioms and Expressions in Context

Idioms and Expressions in Context Its important to learn and use idioms and expressions in context. Of course, idioms are not always easy to understand. There are idiom and expression resources that can help with definitions, but reading them in short stories can also provide context that makes them come more alive. Try reading the story one time to understand the gist without using the idiom definitions. On your second reading, use the definitions to help you understand the text while learning new idioms. After you understand the story, take the quiz at the end of each reading to test your knowledge. Teachers can print out these short stories and use in class in combination with teaching ideas provided at the end of this resource list. Idioms and Expressions in Context Stories Johns Keys to SuccessA story about a man was an accomplished businessman and happily gives advice to young people he mentors. Odd Man OutA story about a man who gossiped a little too much at parties making him the odd man out anytime he joined the fun. Young and FreeA short story about what it takes to be successful in a small company. Its good preparation for young adult English learners who are college age. My Successful FriendHere is a story about a mans friend who has had a very successful career. The Road to SuccessHere is a short essay on how to succeed in todays difficult economic environment. It makes good reading for business English classes. For Teachers Use these idioms in context stories with your advanced-level classes to provide context for learning common idioms in English. Each short story of two to three paragraphs provides approximately 15 idioms. These idioms are then defined following the story followed by a short quiz testing a number of idioms from the selection. Following this introduction to the idioms in context, you can practice use of the idioms in a number of ways. Here are a few ideas: Ask students to write their own short stories using the idioms in context.Have students write dialogues using the idioms to act out in class.Group students together to create their own gap fill quizzes for other groups.Write up questions using the idioms presented and discuss as a class or in groups.Make up situations that fit each idiom on-the-fly and ask students to choose the idiom that fits best. Learning Idioms in Context   You might wonder how you can recognize an idiom when you are reading a book, online or perhaps watching TV. Here are a few tips on how you can spot an idiom: Idioms dont actually mean what they say. Thats right, the actual meaning of the words dont necessarily indicate the meaning of the idiom. Lets take a look at a few: Remember my son, the early bird catches the worm.   This idiom means that its important to get up and get to work in order to succeed in life. Of course, early birds probably catch worms as well! However, the meaning has nothing to little to do with the words.   Idioms can seem out of context. You can be sure youve spotted an idiom if you notice that the words have little to do with the context. For example, lets imagine that youre in a business meeting. Someone says: Well, itll be smooth sailing after this quarter. If youre in a business meeting, you dont expect to be talking about sailing on the open sea. This is an example of something out of context. It doesnt fit in. Thats a sure sign that it might be an idiom.   Idioms are often phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs can be literal or figurative. Literal means that the words mean exactly what they say. For example: I picked up the bag. In this case. pick up is literal. Phrasal verbs, can also be figurative pick up also means to learn: She picked up some Spanish in Madrid.   Idioms are often figurative phrasal verbs as well. Use these queues and youll start recognizing idioms in context everywhere you look and listen.

Business writing Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business writing - Coursework Example s of our young and energetic employees is damaging the reputation of the organization and in turn damaging the image of our young energetic employees. Secondly, productivity issues have taken place as certain employees are spending more time on Facebook rather than working. After the recent social media events, the ban on the use of social media within the premises has been implemented. This will be of great benefit to all those who are partners in our organization. This action will continue to preserve the respectful image of our organization and continue to benefit our young as well as experienced employees. Starting, Tuesday, February 19th, 2013, the use of Facebook will be banned and the IT department will block the website. There surely are ways of using Facebook through other methods, but breach of company policy will result in negative consequences and the issue will be taken quite

System Analysis and Design 251 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

System Analysis and Design 251 - Essay Example The company requires information management systems, which can flexibly undergo dynamic development to add competitive advantages to businesses. This report project is based on the hypothesis that information technology has the capacity to improve the level of productivity and profits of business enterprises2. The proposed system is expected to conduct comprehensive data processing including order processing, billing, purchases, insurance payments, customer support tasks and processing of payments. The justification of the need for this system is that SC is an extremely busy pharmacy and has many customers, whom it cannot serve adequately without the use of an integrated Information Management System. Purpose of the report The main purpose of this report is to verify the preliminary findings of the manager, and to present the expected resultant benefits that the information management system should bring to SC. It has to present a reliable framework explaining mechanisms through whic h the integrated information management system will assist the process of preparation of prescriptions for various medicines3. Part of its fundamental details will be on how to receive orders from pharmacies and care providers or nursing homes in more advanced methods. The report provides details of operation of automated inventory management modules for medicine stock management4. The report must convince the administration of SC that the system is simpler to use than Excel spreadsheets and MS Access. Finally, the report has details explaining business continuity plan based on how the system will always change to meet its contemporary needs. Structure of the report The report has a major title ‘Integrated Inventory Information Management System’. Under this topic, there are various subtopics addressing the areas of need for this system. The subtopics are as follows: Order Processing Purchase Billing and payment processing Customer service and support The next part of t he report is about the benefits of the system to the operations of businesses in SC. The benefits are presented in summary form as follows: Quick and reliable order processing More reliable billing processes Quick data access and real time processing Advanced System Integration The final section of the report contains the recommendations for further improvements of the system for better functionality in the future. This is one of the most essential needs, which SC administration expects as an outcome of the integrated system. 2. Preliminary findings The report presents the preliminary findings in the following event table: Event Trigger Source Use-Case Response Destination Maintains the records of who pays for the drugs Changes to Data information in regards Care provider Maintain Data information of who pays - - Immediately records information that comes in Newly received orders Client Records the new information - - Organization needs to capture and maintain prescription data New orders coming in Client Records information for prescription - - Produce Case manifests Start of the day - Produce case manifest Case manifest Pharmacist assistant Monthly order reports Monthly Pharmacist Produce order report Report produced Management nursing Home Maintain Drug Information Changes to drug Information Supplier Maintain Drug information - - Points Label for each residents Requests to point labels Pharmacist assist